Genital warts are considered to be the most common form of STD (sexually transmitted disease) and are caused by the virus called human papilloma virus (HPV).  Genital warts can be transmitted during sexual activity and by skin-to-skin contact with an individual who has the virus.

When the warts appear after infection, they can either be internal or external. In women they tend to be located in the vulva, the vagina, the anus and the cervix, whereas in men they can be found on the penis, the urethra and scrotum, as well as inside or on the anus.

It usually takes from between two weeks right up to several months for warts to appear after infection, and most individuals affected will not have any symptoms at all. People that do develop the warts may notice tiny, flesh-like growths which may appear anywhere in the anal or genital area. These are normally painless, but sometimes they can start itching.

Genital Warts

If an individual suspects that they may have genital warts, a medical appointment would have to be made, where the doctor would carry out a physical examination of the entire genital region, the anus included. The virus can never be eliminated from the body once infected, so outbreaks can occur spontaneously. Treatment for the visible warts though, include special liquids or cream put onto the wart, cryotherapy (freezing the warts off) or heat treatment to burn them off, removal by surgery or a less common method is to inject them with a certain drug.

Whereas acute pain in an individual is a typical sensation that is usually triggered to alert them of a possible illness or injury, chronic pain differs in that it can last for weeks, even months or years. Although there could have been an initial trigger for this pain such as an infection or injury, or ongoing pain because of such things as cancer or arthritis, some people can suffer from chronic pain without any prior illness or injury.

Generally, chronic pain tends to affect older people and the complaints associated with this can include lower back pain, headaches, arthritis pain and cancer pain. There are some treatments that are prescribed for sufferers of the condition and these include medication, electrical stimulation, acupuncture and in some cases, surgery. Some medical practitioners have even gone so far as to prescribe placebos for the treatment, which has actually resulted in the lessening or complete elimination of the pain. This may therefore indicate that the condition can be associated with psychological conditions as well as physical.

Chronic Pain

Some individuals with chronic pain can be assisted with the problem by them understanding the root cause of the pain and the relevant steps they can take to reverse what the chronic pain has done. With the advancement of neuroscience, scientists believe that there will be better understanding of the condition and therefore better treatments available in the years to come.

People with personality disorders may have conditions such as not being able to live with others, not being able to maintain relationships with other people, finding it difficult to control emotions or upsetting other people when distressed.

Causes of personality disorders can include genetic makeup, mental or emotional state or brain problems. There are three types of personality disorder: suspicious, emotional and impulsive, and anxious.

Suspicious personality disorders are where the sufferer is often paranoid of other people, and finds it difficult to interact with others, preferring their own company instead.  The person with a suspicious personality disorder is often seen by others as strange or peculiar.

Emotional and impulsive personality disorders are where the sufferer is indifferent to other people’s feelings and can be quite aggressive.  They often find it difficult to control emotions and will do this spontaneously without thinking about the consequences.  Sufferers will also self harm if they feel really bad about themselves.

Anxious personality disorders are where the sufferer worries about everything.  They are very indecisive and worry constantly about doing the wrong thing.  Anxious sufferers are overly sensitive to criticism and can often feel worthless or incompetent.

There are therapies which can help such as psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy.  There is also medication available to help with the different groups of personality disorders.  Antipsychotic drugs can help those in the suspicious group while antidepressants can help to relieve the symptoms of those in the emotional group.  There are also some antidepressants which have been shown to help those in the anxious group such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI).

Personality Disorders